Type T Thermocouple: Range, Accuracy & Where It Wins
Type T thermocouple specs: -200 to 350 °C, ±0.5 °C special tolerance, copper-constantan. Why it wins below 0 °C, color codes, and HMK WRCK selection.
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Pt100 Class A vs Class B: Tolerance, Temperature Range, and How to Specify
The accuracy of a Pt100 resistance thermometer is graded by tolerance class under IEC 60751:2022. Class A holds ±0.15 °C (±0.27 °F) at 0 °C; Class B holds ±0.30 °C (±0.54 °F) at the same point. Both tolerances widen with temperature, and each class is valid only across a defined range. This guide states the…
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Hydraulic Pressure Transducer Selection: Surviving Spikes and Fatigue
How to choose a hydraulic pressure transducer that survives pressure spikes and cyclic fatigue: sensing tech, overpressure sizing, and field testing.
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Pressure Transmitter Turndown Ratio: What It Costs Your Accuracy
Pressure transmitter turndown ratio explained: how it’s calculated, why re-ranging hurts accuracy, the % of span vs % of URL trap, and how to size the range.
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Wireless Pressure Transmitter: How to Choose & Deploy One
How to choose a wireless pressure transmitter: when wireless beats cable, the protocol decision (WirelessHART vs LoRa vs Bluetooth vs cellular), battery life, and SCADA integration.
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Thermowell Types: How to Select Connection, Stem & Material
Thermowell types explained: how to choose connection, stem, material, and insertion length, with the ASME PTC 19.3 wake-frequency check.
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Hazardous Location Pressure Transmitter Selection Guide
How to choose a hazardous location pressure transmitter: IEC Zones, NEC Class/Division, Ex d vs Ex i vs non-incendive, T-codes, and where the HM60 fits.
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Pt100 vs Pt1000: Which RTD Should You Use?
Pt100 vs Pt1000: same curve, same IEC 60751 accuracy class. What really decides it is lead-wire error, self-heating, and your existing instrument input.
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Well Water Level Sensor: How to Choose, Size & Install One
How to pick a well water level sensor: submersible pressure vs ultrasonic, sizing the range, and installing it for dry-run pump protection.
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Pigtail Siphon vs Condensate Pot: Steam Pressure Trap Selection Guide
How to choose between a pigtail siphon and a condensate pot for steam pressure transmitters, plus sizing, material selection, install practice, and HMK transmitter pairings.
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Head Mount vs DIN Rail Temperature Transmitter Decision Guide
Seven decision lines, calibration chain math, wiring cost ratios and HMK product mapping for picking head-mount vs DIN rail temperature transmitters.
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Precision Pressure Sensor: Where the 0.1 % FS Line Is Real
Reading precision on a pressure sensor spec sheet: the 0.1 % FS line, BFSL vs TEB, the accuracy ladder, calibration cadence, and the three HMK products that meet a real precision specification.
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Thermowell Wake Frequency Calculation: 6-Step Field Guide
A six-step field procedure for the ASME PTC 19.3 TW-2016 thermowell wake frequency calculation, with an inline first-pass calculator, a 540 °C steam-line worked example, the GB/T 30121-2013 equivalent, and three field fixes when the calculation fails.
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How to Measure Vacuum Pressure: 6-Step Field Procedure
A six-step field procedure for measuring vacuum pressure across HVAC, process, and lab applications — gauge selection, system-port installation, decay-test diagnostics, and HE27 sensor specs.
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Type J Thermocouple: Range, Wire Colors & When to Use vs Type K
Type J thermocouple — iron-constantan, -40 to 750°C, ideal for reducing atmospheres. Wire color codes, IEC 60584 accuracy, vs Type K & Type N selection.
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Hydrostatic Level Measurement: Submersible vs DP, Explained by Physics
Hydrostatic level measurement uses P=ρgh to read tank level. Learn the physics once, then jump to the right deep-dive — submersible probe or DP transmitter — for your tank.
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What Is PSI? Pressure Unit Definition & Spec-Sheet Guide
PSI pressure unit definition for engineers — pounds per square inch, conversions, and transmitter selection.
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Absolute Pressure Formula: Equation, Worked Examples & Sensor Selection
P_abs = P_gauge + P_atm explained for engineers. Three worked examples, altitude correction, unit traps, plus HM27/HE27/HPTM189 selection.
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Inches of Water Column to PSI: Conversion + HVAC & Gas Specs
Inches of water column (inWC) explained — PSI/Pa conversion table, furnace gas pressure specs, HVAC duct static range, and DP transmitter selection.
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How to Measure Static Pressure in HVAC: 6-Step Field Procedure
Field procedure to measure total external static pressure (TESP) in HVAC: 6 steps, probe placement, NEBB acceptable ranges, manometer vs DP transmitter device picks.
