NAMUR NE 43 Fault Signaling: What 3.6 mA and 21 mA Mean
NAMUR NE 43 fault bands on a 4-20 mA loop: the 3.6 mA and 21 mA thresholds, what three manufacturers actually implement, and where the signal gets lost.
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How to Calibrate a Pressure Transmitter: A Field Procedure
Step-by-step pressure transmitter calibration: the 5-point method, what each point should read in mA, pass/fail scoring, and why re-ranging isn’t calibration.
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Electric Oil Pressure Gauge: Mechanical vs Sender-Driven vs Digital LCD
Industrial selection guide for electric oil pressure gauges. Compares mechanical Bourdon, sender-driven 240-33 ohm dash gauges, and digital LCD instruments like the HM40 across spec, wiring, and accuracy class.
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Submersible Level Transmitter: The 6 Failure Modes That Destroy Accuracy (and the Field Fixes)
A submersible level transmitter lives or dies by how it handles six field stresses — lightning, vent-tube condensation, silt, cable damage, freeze, and chemical attack. Here is the variant-selection and diagnostic playbook our field team uses.
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RTD Wiring: 2-Wire, 3-Wire & 4-Wire Explained (2026)
RTD wiring field guide — why 2-wire adds 8 °C error, how 3-wire cancels lead resistance via Wheatstone, when to use 4-wire Kelvin. Color codes + diagnostics.
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HART vs 4-20mA: HART 7 Guide for Pressure Transmitters
HART isn’t a replacement for 4-20mA — it’s a digital layer on top of it. See when the HART 7 upgrade pays back, and when pure 4-20mA is still enough.
